This program will examine alternative dispute resolutions models, approaches, and best approaches in the U.S. The lack of transparent and effective mechanisms to resolve tax, investment, and commercial disputes has been identified by the Government of Kazakhstan, the Supreme Court, and the private sector as a key constraint to expanding foreign investment. In fact, KazakhstanÕs VIII Congress of Judges in late 2020 identified dispute resolution as a top priority and the Supreme Court has requested U.S. assistance in the reform effort. This project will bring together the Government of Kazakhstan and its judiciary, judges, lawyers, and the private sector to jointly discuss required reforms in Kazakhstan while learning from the U.S. experience with alternative dispute resolution inside and outside the court system. The participants will visit federal, state, and local courts specialized on commercial, investment, and tax cases, bar associations, law firms, private sector associations, and other institutions to learn about their views and role in dispute resolution and how these institutions work together and interact.